Capitol Federal Financial, Inc.® Reports Third Quarter Fiscal Year 2025 Results

Capitol Federal Financial, Inc.^® (NASDAQ: CFFN) (the "Company," "we" or "our"), the parent company of Capitol Federal Savings Bank (the "Bank"), announced results today for the quarter ended June 30, 2025. For best viewing results, please view this release in Portable Document Format (PDF) on our website, https://ir.capfed.com.

Highlights for the current quarter include:

• net income of $18.4 million;
• basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.14;
• net interest margin of 1.98%, an increase of six basis points from the prior quarter; and
• on July 22, 2025, the Company announced a cash dividend of $0.085 per share, payable on August 15, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 1, 2025.

Strategic Banking Initiatives

The Company continues to strategically grow all aspects of commercial banking through the alignment of technology, people, products and services. Management believes we have been and will continue to be successful in this initiative as we focus on meeting the financial needs of growing and established companies and small businesses and pairing them with experienced relationship managers who offer a broad range of customized services, digital platforms and sophisticated cash management tools. Leveraging our new technology and organizational structure to quickly respond to customer needs in the sales pipeline is central to our growth strategy for commercial deposits. We expect that commercial loan growth will continue to be driven by prospecting for new relationships and maintaining and expanding existing relationships. Strong credit quality remains a priority for the Bank as it grows commercial lending and is now offering a full suite of treasury management products to service new and existing relationships.

During the current quarter the Bank continued to implement and utilize commercial loan pricing and profitability software which provides pricing and profitability based on the full customer banking relationship. Management is in the process of implementing additional software modules during the remainder of fiscal year 2025 that provide market insight regarding competitor pricing to assist loan officers when preparing a loan offering for a customer.

We see many opportunities to grow our non-interest bearing deposit base and diversify fee-based revenue streams through growth in treasury management services, trust and wealth management services, and small business banking. We have a team of bankers focused on the deposit and loan needs of small businesses in our market area. During the current quarter the Bank successfully launched new checking products and digital banking services specifically designed for our small business customers. In the quarter ending September 30, 2025 the Bank expects to introduce digital onboarding for these small business customers using industry-leading risk management and screening tools, which will replace many manual verification tasks. We continue to listen to the needs of our customers as this line of business grows, and as a result, we are actively evaluating new technology for lockbox services, integrated accounts receivable, integrated accounts payable and purchase cards as a result of demand within the treasury management pipeline.

As part of this growth strategy, we are creating a seamless digital banking experience for all customers, which we believe will better enable the Bank to attract and retain deposits. This includes the new deposit account onboarding platform implemented in November 2024 and digital banking enhancements for debit cardholders which will allow customers to begin using their card immediately online and in digital wallets without waiting for the physical card in the mail which is projected to be implemented in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025.

We are building a suite of private banking products and services. Subsequent to June 30, 2025, the Bank hired several seasoned and well-connected wealth management professionals to round out our product offerings, begin managing our first private banking relationships, and transforming our trust and wealth management business. With this, private banking will be a new offering to our customer base.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025 and March 31, 2025

For the quarter ended June 30, 2025, the Company recognized net income of $18.4 million, or $0.14 per share, compared to net income of $15.4 million, or $0.12 per share, for the quarter ended March 31, 2025. The higher net income in the current quarter was due primarily to higher net interest income and lower tax expense. The net interest margin increased six basis points, from 1.92% for the prior quarter to 1.98% for the current quarter due mainly to an increase in the average balance of commercial loans as the loan portfolio continued to remix from one- to four-family loans to commercial loans.

Interest and Dividend Income

The following table presents the components of interest and dividend income for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in interest income on loans receivable was due mainly to an increase in the average balance of the commercial loan portfolio as the portfolio continued to shift from one-to four-family loans to commercial loans. As of June 30, 2025, the Bank had $146.2 million of commercial real estate loan commitments which are expected to fund during the September 30, 2025 quarter, mainly during July 2025. See additional discussion regarding the composition of the loan portfolio and management's strategy to shift from one- to four-family loans to commercial loans in the "Financial Condition as of June 30, 2025" section below. The increase in interest income on MBS was due to a higher average balance compared to the prior quarter due to securities purchases between periods. The decrease in interest income on cash and cash equivalents was due to a decrease in the average balance as operating cash was utilized during the current quarter to accommodate funding needs for commercial loan activities and to repay borrowings. The decrease in interest income on investment securities was due mainly to a lower average balance compared to the prior quarter, primarily as a result of investments that matured or were called and not replaced.

Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of interest expense for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

Within the deposit portfolio, the increased interest expense associated with the Bank's high yield savings account, which was the result of the growth in these accounts, was almost entirely offset by a decrease in the cost of retail certificates of deposits due to a decrease in the weighted average rate and balance of that portfolio. Management has continued to focus on retaining and growing deposits through its high yield savings account product. See additional discussion in "Financial Condition as of June 30, 2025" below.

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company recorded a release of provision for credit losses of $451 thousand during the current quarter. The release of the provision for credit losses in the current quarter was comprised of a $1.1 million decrease in the allowance for credit losses ("ACL") for loans, partially offset by a $686 thousand increase in the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures. The $1.1 million decrease in the ACL was mainly related to the commercial loan portfolio as the increase in ACL related to growth in this portfolio was more than offset by an update to the ACL model's regression analyses implemented during the current quarter which also mainly impacted the commercial loan portfolio. See additional details in the "Supplemental Financial Information- Allowance for Credit Losses" discussion below. The increase in the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures was due primarily to an increase in commercial and industrial off-balance sheet credit exposures. The Company did not record a provision for credit losses during the prior quarter as the decrease in the ACL was entirely offset by the increase in the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures.

Non-Interest Income

The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in deposit service fees was due primarily to an increase in debit card usage, which generated additional interchange and service charge income in the current quarter.

Non-Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in advertising and promotional expense was due primarily to the timing of seasonal sponsorships and campaigns compared to the prior quarter. The decrease in other non-interest expense was due primarily to lower customer fraud losses in the current quarter, along with lower costs associated with a loss on a property sold during the prior quarter related to an acquisition in 2018 and other real estate owned ("OREO") property.

The Company's efficiency ratio was 58.26% for the current quarter compared to 60.54% for the prior quarter. The improvement in the efficiency ratio was due to higher net interest income during the current quarter. The efficiency ratio is a measure of a financial institution's total non-interest expense as a percentage of the sum of net interest income (pre-provision for credit losses) and non-interest income. A lower value generally indicates that it is costing the financial institution less money to generate revenue.

Income Tax Expense

The following table presents pretax income, income tax expense, and net income for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent and the effective tax rate.

During the current quarter, the State of Kansas enacted a change in the tax law that is effective October 1, 2027 for the Company and the Bank. The State of Kansas is changing the way it attributes taxable income to the State, specifically changing from a three-factor apportionment (property, payroll and receipts) to a single, revenue-based method. Most of the Bank's property and payroll are located in Kansas, though a large amount of its revenue generating activities, predominantly loan interest income, are outside of Kansas. Therefore, the Bank is expecting a decrease in income apportioned to Kansas starting in fiscal year 2028 due to the tax law change. As a result, as of June 30, 2025, the Bank remeasured its state deferred tax assets and liabilities expected as of October 1, 2027. The Bank recorded an $857 thousand reduction in net state income tax expense related to this law change, which is the primary reason for the lower effective tax rate and income tax expense for the current quarter as compared to the prior quarter. Management anticipates the effective tax rate for fiscal year 2025 will be 18% to 19% which is lower than was originally expected primarily due to the Kansas law change.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Nine Months Ended June 30, 2025 and 2024

The Company recognized net income of $49.2 million, or $0.38 per share, for the current year period, compared to net income of $26.0 million, or $0.20 per share, for the prior year period. The lower net income in the prior year period was primarily a result of the net losses on the sale of securities associated with the securities strategy. See additional discussion regarding the securities strategy in the "Securities Strategy to Improve Earnings" section below. The securities associated with the securities strategy were sold in the prior year period, and in that period the Company incurred $13.3 million ($10.0 million net of tax) of net losses related to the sale of those securities. Excluding the effects of the net loss associated with the securities strategy, earnings per share would have been $0.28 for the prior year period. The increase in earnings per share excluding the effects of the net loss associated with the securities strategy was due primarily to higher net interest income in the current year period.

The net interest margin increased 15 basis points, from 1.77% for the prior year period to 1.92% for the current year period. The increase was due mainly to higher yields on the loan portfolio due to the continued shift of loan balances from the one- to four-family loan portfolio to the higher yielding commercial loan portfolio, which outpaced the increase in the cost of deposits, largely in high yield savings accounts and retail certificates of deposit.

Securities Strategy to Improve Earnings

In October 2023, the Company initiated a securities strategy (the "securities strategy") by selling $1.30 billion of securities, representing 94% of its securities portfolio. Since the Company did not have the intent to hold the $1.30 billion of securities to maturity at September 30, 2023, the Company recognized an impairment loss on those securities of $192.6 million which was reflected in the Company's financial statements for the quarter and fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. The securities strategy allowed the Company to improve its earnings stream going forward, beginning in the quarter ended December 31, 2023, by redeploying most of the proceeds into then-current market rate securities and to provide liquidity to deleverage the balance sheet utilizing the remaining proceeds. During the quarter ended December 31, 2023, the Company completed the sale of securities and recognized $13.3 million ($10.0 million net of tax), or $0.08 per share, of additional loss. See additional information regarding the impact of the securities strategy on our financial measurements in "Supplemental Financial Information - Average Balance Sheets" below. The $1.30 billion of securities sold had a weighted average yield of 1.22% and an average duration of 3.6 years. With the proceeds from the sale of the securities, the Company purchased $632.0 million of securities yielding 5.75%, paid down $500.0 million of borrowings with a weighted average cost of 4.70%, and held the remaining cash at the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City ("FRB") earning interest at the reserve balance rate until such time as it could be used to fund commercial activity or for other Bank operations.

Interest and Dividend Income

The following table presents the components of interest and dividend income for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in interest income on loans receivable was due primarily to the continued shift of loan balances from the one- to four-family loan portfolio to higher yielding commercial loans. See additional discussion regarding the composition of the loan portfolio in the "Financial Condition as of June 30, 2025" section below. The increase in interest income on MBS securities was due mainly to an increase in the average balance of the portfolio, along with an increase in the weighted average yield compared to the prior year period. The increase in the average balance was due mainly to securities purchases between periods. The higher weighted average yield was due mainly to the securities strategy, as the proceeds from the securities that were sold during the prior year period were reinvested into higher yielding securities, and securities purchased between periods were also at higher market yields. Interest income on cash and cash equivalents decreased due largely to a decrease in the average balance as a result of cash balances being drawn down during the prior fiscal year to fund commercial loans and other operational needs. The decrease in interest income on investment securities was due to a decrease in average balance, partially offset by an increase in the weighted average yield. The decrease in the average balance was due primarily to the securities purchased as part of the securities strategy being called or maturing during fiscal year 2024 and not being replaced in their entirety. The increase in the weighted average yield was due to higher yields than the portfolio yields on the securities purchased between periods.

Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of interest expense for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in interest expense on deposits was due primarily to an increase in the weighted average rate paid on savings accounts, specifically the high yield savings account product, and retail certificates of deposit. To a lesser extent, an increase in the average balance of retail certificates of deposit also increased interest expense on deposits. The increases were partially offset by a decrease in the weighted average rate paid on and in the average balance of money market accounts.

The decrease in interest expense on borrowings was due to a decrease in the average balance, which was partially offset by a higher weighted average interest rate. The decrease in the average balance of borrowings was due mainly to FHLB borrowings that matured between periods and were not renewed, along with a decrease in borrowings under the Federal Reserve's Bank Term Funding Program ("BTFP"), which were repaid during the prior year period using a portion of the proceeds from the securities strategy. The increase in the weighted average interest rate was due primarily to higher market interest rates on borrowings that matured and were renewed between periods.

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $226 thousand during the current year period compared to a provision for credit losses of $1.9 million for the prior year period. The provision for credit losses in the current year period was comprised of a $321 thousand increase in the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures, partially offset by a $95 thousand decrease in the ACL for loans.

Non-Interest Income

The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in deposit service fees was due mainly to growth in treasury management service fees, along with modest increases in interchange revenue and retail service fees. The net loss from securities transactions in the prior year period was related to the securities strategy. The increase in other non-interest income was due primarily to a net loss on financial derivatives related to a commercial lending relationship in the prior year period, largely driven by changes in market interest rates.

Non-Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent.

The increase in salaries and employee benefits was mainly attributable to an increase in the number of employees between periods, merit increases and salary adjustments to remain market competitive, and a higher accrual of incentive compensation during the current year period than the prior year period related to the Bank's short-term performance plan. The decrease in information technology and related expense was due mainly to a decrease in usage of third-party professional services along with a decrease in depreciation expense during the current year period. The decrease in regulatory and outside services was due to a reduction in usage related to certain outside services compared to the prior year period. The decrease in the federal insurance premium was due primarily to a decrease in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") assessment rate as a result of the way the assessment rate was adjusted in fiscal year 2024 for the occurrence of the Bank's net loss during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in other non-interest expense was due mainly to higher customer fraud losses in the prior year period and the maturity of an interest rate swap agreement during the current year period which reduced the expense associated with the collateral held in relation to the interest rate swap.

The Company's efficiency ratio was 58.89% for the current year period compared to 69.77% for the prior year period. Excluding the net losses from the securities strategy, the efficiency ratio would have been 62.87% for the prior year period. The improvement in the efficiency ratio, excluding the net losses from the securities strategy, was due primarily to higher net interest income compared to the prior year period.

Income Tax Expense

The following table presents pretax income, income tax expense, and net income for the time periods presented, along with the change measured in dollars and percent and effective tax rate.

Income tax expense was higher in the current year period compared to the prior year period, due to higher pretax income in the current year period. The effective tax rate was higher in the prior year period due mainly to the income tax associated with the pre-1988 bad debt recapture.

Financial Condition as of June 30, 2025

The following table summarizes the Company's financial condition at the dates indicated.

The loan portfolio increased $147.6 million during the current quarter. The loan portfolio mix continued to shift from one- to four-family loans to commercial loans during the current quarter, with a $99.3 million decrease in one- to four-family loans, partially offset by commercial loan growth of $243.5 million due mainly to a $221.1 million increase in the commercial real estate loan portfolio. As of June 30, 2025, the Bank had $146.2 million of commercial real estate loan commitments which are expected to fund during the September 30, 2025 quarter, mainly during July 2025.

As a result of continued high interest rates and a lack of housing inventory, which has reduced housing market transactions, our one- to four-family origination and refinance activity has slowed which directly impacts the Bank's one- to four-family loan portfolio. The Bank suspended its one- to four-family correspondent lending channels during fiscal year 2024 for the foreseeable future. Management expects the Bank's one- to four-family originated loan portfolio will continue to decrease as the affordability of housing remains challenging and there is a limited supply of homes for sale. It is expected that excess cash flows generated from the one- to four-family portfolio will continue to be used to fund commercial loan growth.

Borrowings decreased $71.4 million, or 13.3% annualized, due to a $50.0 million borrowing that matured during the current quarter but was not replaced, along with principal payments made on the Bank's amortizing FHLB advances. Deposits increased $58.6 million during the current quarter due mainly to the Bank's high yield savings account offering, which increased $123.9 million during the quarter, to $408.0 million at June 30, 2025, partially offset by a $49.7 million decrease in retail money market accounts. Management has continued to focus on retaining and growing deposits through the Bank's high yield savings account product, which, as of June 30, 2025, had an annual percentage yield of 4.00% for accounts that meet the $10 thousand balance minimum. The annual percentage yield was decreased during the current quarter from 4.30% as of March 31, 2025.

Total assets increased $165.1 million from September 30, 2024, due mainly to increases in loans and securities which were funded by excess operating cash and deposit growth, largely in the Bank's high yield savings account offering. The commercial loan portfolio increased $402.9 million during the current year period, due primarily to commercial real estate loan growth, partially offset by a decrease in one- to four-family loans of $286.2 million.

Deposits increased $301.2 million from September 30, 2024 due mainly to the Bank's high yield savings account offering, which increased $311.8 million during the current year period. Borrowings decreased $108.0 million during the current year period due to principal payments made on the Bank's amortizing advances, along with borrowings that matured but were not replaced. Management estimates that the Bank had $2.97 billion in liquidity available at June 30, 2025, based on the Bank's blanket collateral agreement with FHLB and unencumbered securities.

The following table summarizes loan originations and purchases, deposit activity, and borrowing activity, along with certain related weighted average rates, during the periods indicated. The borrowings presented in the table have original contractual terms of one year or longer.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' equity totaled $1.05 billion at June 30, 2025, an increase of $13.9 million from September 30, 2024. Consistent with our goal to operate a sound and profitable financial organization, we actively seek to maintain a well-capitalized status for the Bank in accordance with regulatory standards. As of June 30, 2025, the Bank's capital ratios exceeded the well-capitalized requirements and the Bank exceeded internal policy thresholds for sensitivity to changes in interest rates. As of June 30, 2025, the Bank's community bank leverage ratio was 9.7%.

During the nine months ended June 30, 2025, the Company paid regular quarterly cash dividends totaling $33.2 million, or $0.255 per share. On July 22, 2025, the Company announced a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.085 per share, or approximately $11.1 million, payable on August 15, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 1, 2025.

At June 30, 2025, Capitol Federal Financial, Inc., at the holding company level, had $16.1 million in cash on deposit at the Bank. For fiscal year 2025, it is the intention of the Company's Board of Directors to pay out the regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.085 per share, totaling $0.34 per share for the year. To the extent that earnings in fiscal year 2025 exceed $0.34 per share, the Board of Directors will consider the payment of additional dividends. Dividend payments depend upon a number of factors, including the Company's financial condition and results of operations, regulatory capital requirements, regulatory limitations on the Bank's ability to make capital distributions to the Company, the Bank's tax current earnings and accumulated earnings and profits, and the amount of cash at the holding company level. Through the payment of the True Blue dividend in prior years, the Company was able to reduce its excess capital. Management and the Board of Directors believe that the current capital levels are appropriate. The last True Blue dividend occurred in fiscal year 2022.

It has been the intention of management and the Board of Directors to not make distributions from the Bank to the Company during fiscal year 2025 to limit the tax associated with the pre-1988 bad debt recapture which is related to the Bank's tax accumulated earnings and profits. It is currently anticipated that the Bank will have sufficient taxable income during fiscal year 2025 to replenish the Bank's tax accumulated earnings and profits to a positive level, allowing the Bank to make earnings distributions to the Company during fiscal year 2026 and not have those distributions subject to the pre-1988 bad debt recapture tax.

The Company currently has $75.0 million authorized under an existing stock repurchase plan. Shares may be repurchased from time to time based upon market conditions, available liquidity and other factors. This plan has no expiration date; however, the FRB's current approval for the Company to repurchase shares expires in February 2026. There were no share repurchases during the current year period. Because the cash at the holding company is limited based on our capital management plan, the Company does not expect to repurchase shares until such time that a sufficient cash balance is rebuilt at the holding company level.

The following table presents a reconciliation of total to net shares outstanding as of June 30, 2025.

Capitol Federal Financial, Inc. is the holding company for the Bank. As of June 30, 2025, the Bank had 46 branch locations in Kansas and Missouri, and is one of the largest residential lenders in the State of Kansas. News and other information about the Company can be found at the Bank's website, http://www.capfed.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for the historical information contained in this press release, the matters discussed herein may be deemed to be "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include statements about our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, anticipations, estimates and intentions. The words "may," "could," "should," "would," "will," "believe," "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "plan," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including: changes in policies or the application or interpretation of laws and regulations by regulatory agencies and tax authorities; other governmental initiatives affecting the financial services industry; changes in accounting principles, policies or guidelines; fluctuations in interest rates and the effects of inflation or a potential recession, whether caused by Federal Reserve action or otherwise; the potential imposition of new or increased tariffs or changes to existing trade policies that could affect economic activity or specific industry sectors; the impact of bank failures or adverse developments at other banks and related negative press about the banking industry in general on investor or depositor sentiment; demand for loans in the Company's market areas; the future earnings and capital levels of the Bank and the impact of the pre-1988 bad debt recapture, which could affect the ability of the Company to pay dividends in accordance with its dividend policies; competition; and other risks detailed from time to time in documents filed or furnished by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Actual results may differ materially from those currently expected. These forward-looking statements represent the Company's judgment as of the date of this release. The Company disclaims, however, any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements.

SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Average Balance Sheets

The following tables present the average balances of our assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity, and the related annualized weighted average yields and rates on our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the periods indicated, as well as selected performance ratios and other information for the periods shown. Weighted average yields are derived by dividing annualized income by the average balance of the related assets, and weighted average rates are derived by dividing annualized expense by the average balance of the related liabilities, for the periods shown. Average outstanding balances are derived from average daily balances. The weighted average yields and rates include amortization of fees, costs, premiums and discounts, which are considered adjustments to yields/rates. Weighted average yields on tax-exempt securities are not calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis.